I take the stance that they are very useful tools for dissolving the ego, but they need to be respected. And in line with what some others have said, there really needs to be significant study and work done beforehand to prepare for their use too. I honestly think that (similar to how some civilizations have treated them in the past), they may again be treated as sacraments one day.
I agree that it is sort of a "cheat code", and using that cheat code without doing any study or work can potentially diminish their value or even lead to negative outcomes. I think that with the genuinely responsible combination of study, work, preparation, and the use of the substance itself, it can act as a catalyst, rather than a replacement for spiritual work, self-discovery, or other methods of transcending the ego.
I truly think there is immense value there, as medicine is now discovering. Major medical institutions are now doing research on mushrooms and DMT in particular. Some people are simply so "stuck", that the substances can really help "unstick" them from the ego, their past, their trauma, their "self" structures. But with these substances, the experience is all temporary anyway, in a sense. The substances dissolve the ego for a period of time, and then they wear off. They can give the individual a quick glance and window into seeing beyond the ego. This leaves them with a lasting memory of that experience, but it was a temporary experience. That can be enough to jumpstart people towards doing the work that does not involve substances to continue to see beyond the ego, and to have a better idea of what they're trying to do. Sometimes.
In a world where everyone has very thick egos, that are heavily, heavily programmed, I think we should take anything we can get in terms of tools and methods to assist humanity in transcending the ego. I 100% agree that it's no substitute for reaching Nirvana, or even partial ego dissolution, without the other work, practices, and methods. But when combined in a well-planned, prudent way with genuine study and practice, I think it can absolutely enhance a person's progress. The problem is of course, that people tend to lean on them, overuse them, without planning, in all the least-optimal ways, and then on top of all that, sometimes develop a new spiritual ego afterwards where they may even think they are now "enlightened" because they used a substance a number of times. Then again, some DMT experiences can be so powerful that they may allow users to reach something similar to Enlightenment. But at the same time, if there's no way to make sense of it or integrate it, what does it all do for the individual in the end?
I don't think we need to blame the substances, they're excellent tools in some cases. I think some of society's use and approach of/towards them is what needs to be adjusted. If we use them intelligently and with purpose, there's a lot of value to be had there.