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Greek (S-V)
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Satyr:
The satyrs were the licentious and lecherous crew who accompanied the Greek god → Dionysos. They were thought to be hybrid creatures, half-man, half-horse, with animal ears, a rough tou- sled pelt, horns and a tail, and they were usually depicted as ithyphallic. They were related to the → Silenes as demons of fertility, indeed often hardly to be distinguished from them.
Seléne (from Greek selas light, radiance):
Greek goddess of the moon, the daughter of the Titan → Hyperion and sister of the sun-god → Hélios. She drives in a chariot drawn by two horses or rides on a mule. The goddess, who was also called Mene moon, was regarded as tutelary deity of magicians and sorcerers. In the Hellenistic period she fused with → Artemis or → Hekáte; the Romans equated her with → Luna.
Serapis (Sarapis) :
The Greek form of Osiris-Apis: i.e. the bull-god → Apis as raised to fusion with → Osiris. This is the designation given to a god first introduced into the Egyptian pantheon by King Ptolemaios I who came from Macedonia. As lord of generative fecundity he bears a kalathos (a basket-shaped head-dress) entwined with ears of corn. Otherwise, he has the status of a universal god, uniting in his person traits of → Zeus and → Hades. From his temple (Serapeum) in Alexandria, his cult spread to every corner of the Roman Empire.
Sirens (Greek seirénes) :
Divine hybrid creatures, half-bird, half-maiden, gifted with the power of bewitching song. They dwell in Hades or in the heavenly fields; but, as the daughters of → Phorkys they may live on an island, beguile passing mariners with their song and then suck their blood. In this, they are close to the old demons of death like the → Harpies; and they were often represented on funer- ary monuments as symbolic figures of mourning.
Skylla (Greek bitch; Latin Scylla) :
In the Odyssey, a monster lurking by certain straits which devoured passing seamen; it was imagined as having twelve feet and six heads which were canine or lupine. Later, Skylla, and Charybdis lying opposite it, were identified as the whirlpool, dangerous to shipping, lying in the Straits of Messina.
Styx (from Greek stygein to hate) :
The name of the river in the Greek under- world, and of its tutelary goddess. Hesiod says that she is the most powerful of the daughters of → Okeanos and of → Tethys. The gods swore their most solemn oaths by the water of the Styx (the river itself is masculine in Greek). Among the children of the goddess were → Bia and → Nike.
Telchines :
Demon workers in metal, gifted with the evil eye and skilled in magic, in the mythology of the Greek islanders (especially on Rhodes). In many respects they resemble the → Kabiroi. The Telchines often appear as diminutive mermen; it was to them that the young Poseidon was handed over for his bringing up.
Tethys :
Daughter of the sky-god → Uranós and the earth-goddess → Gaia: one of the → Titans. She is also the sister and the wife of → Okeanos.
Thalia (Greek thaleia she who blossoms) :
The → Muse of comedy, the light-hearted art of letters. Among her attributes are a comic mask, a wreath of ivy and a crooked staff.
Thanatos :
In Greek mythology, the son of Night (→ Nyx) and twin brother of → Hypnos. At a later period he was por- trayed as a beautiful winged youth, bearing a lowered torch in one hand.
Theia :
In Greek mythology, one of the → Titans, wife of → Hyperion: their chil- dren are the sun-god → Hélios, the moon- goddess → Seléne and the goddess of dawning → Eos. The name Theia means ‘the divine one’; another of her names – Euryphaessa she whose rays shine afar – underlines her character as a goddess of light.
Themis :
Greek goddess of justice, order and morality. She was supposed to be the daughter of the sky-god → Uranós and the earth-goddess → Gaia; she was the wife of → Zeus and the mother of the → Horae and the → Moires.
Theseus :
Athenian cult f igure and national hero. His father is variously given as the sea-god → Poseidon, and as the mythical King Aigeus, from whom the Aegean Sea gets its name. One of his most outstanding feats was to conquer the monster → Minotauros.
Thetis :
Daughter of the Greek sea-god → Nereus and wife of the mortal Peleus; their son was → Achilleus.
Titans :
The secondary race of gods in Greek mythology, comprising the six sons and the six daughters of the sky-god → Uranós and the earth-goddess → Gaia. According to Hesiod they form six sets of pairs; among the best known of these pairs are → Okeanos and → Thetys, → Hyperion and → Theia, → Kronos and → Rheia. Others are Koios and Phoibe, Kreios and Eurybie, → Iapetos and Klymene. Led by the youngest son Kronos, the Titans topple their father Uranós; later, however, they too are overthrown by → Zeus with the help of the → Cyclops.
Triton :
Greek sea-god, half-man, half- fish. His parents are → Poseidon and → Amphitríte. Later pluralized, so that now we speak of Tritons, meaning the male companions of the female → Nereids, who are shown blowing on their conch shells.
Tyché:
Greek goddess of fate and fortune. In Hesiod’s Theogony she appears as one of the daughters of → Okeanos. Pindar calls her a daughter of → Zeus. As a represen- tative of the unpredictable way of the world, Tyché became particularly popular at the time of the Sophists, when belief in other gods was at a low ebb. Several Hellenistic towns, such as Antiochia on the Orontes, chose Tyché as their tutelary goddess. In art she is shown with a helms- man’s rudder (as director of fate) and cor- nucopia (as bringer of good fortune). The wheel and the globe point to inconstancy and transitoriness. Her Roman counter- part was → Fortuna.
Typhón (Typhoeus) :
The progeny of the underworld (Tartaros) and the earth (→ Gaia). A monster with a hundred dragon- heads and snake’s feet. From his union with → Echidna came → Kerberos, → Ladon and the Chimaira. The name Typhón (or Typhos) means ‘whirlwind’, and later the giant was taken to be a demon which causes storms and earthquakes.
Urania (‘the heavenly one’) :
One of the nine → Muses, she who comforts mortals by pointing to the harmony of heaven. She represents astronomy, and her attribute is the heavenly sphere.
Uranós (‘heaven’, ‘sky’) :
Greek god of the sky, the husband of the earth goddess → Gaia; their progeny are the → Titans and the → Cyclops. When Uranós driven by hatred and fear banished the Cyclops to the underworld (Tartaros), Gaia incited the youngest son (→ Kronos) to attack his father, castrate him with a sickle and topple him from his throne. From the drops of blood which fell into the sea → Aphrodíte was born.
==========================================================================================================
Satyr:
The satyrs were the licentious and lecherous crew who accompanied the Greek god → Dionysos. They were thought to be hybrid creatures, half-man, half-horse, with animal ears, a rough tou- sled pelt, horns and a tail, and they were usually depicted as ithyphallic. They were related to the → Silenes as demons of fertility, indeed often hardly to be distinguished from them.
Seléne (from Greek selas light, radiance):
Greek goddess of the moon, the daughter of the Titan → Hyperion and sister of the sun-god → Hélios. She drives in a chariot drawn by two horses or rides on a mule. The goddess, who was also called Mene moon, was regarded as tutelary deity of magicians and sorcerers. In the Hellenistic period she fused with → Artemis or → Hekáte; the Romans equated her with → Luna.
Serapis (Sarapis) :
The Greek form of Osiris-Apis: i.e. the bull-god → Apis as raised to fusion with → Osiris. This is the designation given to a god first introduced into the Egyptian pantheon by King Ptolemaios I who came from Macedonia. As lord of generative fecundity he bears a kalathos (a basket-shaped head-dress) entwined with ears of corn. Otherwise, he has the status of a universal god, uniting in his person traits of → Zeus and → Hades. From his temple (Serapeum) in Alexandria, his cult spread to every corner of the Roman Empire.
Sirens (Greek seirénes) :
Divine hybrid creatures, half-bird, half-maiden, gifted with the power of bewitching song. They dwell in Hades or in the heavenly fields; but, as the daughters of → Phorkys they may live on an island, beguile passing mariners with their song and then suck their blood. In this, they are close to the old demons of death like the → Harpies; and they were often represented on funer- ary monuments as symbolic figures of mourning.
Skylla (Greek bitch; Latin Scylla) :
In the Odyssey, a monster lurking by certain straits which devoured passing seamen; it was imagined as having twelve feet and six heads which were canine or lupine. Later, Skylla, and Charybdis lying opposite it, were identified as the whirlpool, dangerous to shipping, lying in the Straits of Messina.
Styx (from Greek stygein to hate) :
The name of the river in the Greek under- world, and of its tutelary goddess. Hesiod says that she is the most powerful of the daughters of → Okeanos and of → Tethys. The gods swore their most solemn oaths by the water of the Styx (the river itself is masculine in Greek). Among the children of the goddess were → Bia and → Nike.
Telchines :
Demon workers in metal, gifted with the evil eye and skilled in magic, in the mythology of the Greek islanders (especially on Rhodes). In many respects they resemble the → Kabiroi. The Telchines often appear as diminutive mermen; it was to them that the young Poseidon was handed over for his bringing up.
Tethys :
Daughter of the sky-god → Uranós and the earth-goddess → Gaia: one of the → Titans. She is also the sister and the wife of → Okeanos.
Thalia (Greek thaleia she who blossoms) :
The → Muse of comedy, the light-hearted art of letters. Among her attributes are a comic mask, a wreath of ivy and a crooked staff.
Thanatos :
In Greek mythology, the son of Night (→ Nyx) and twin brother of → Hypnos. At a later period he was por- trayed as a beautiful winged youth, bearing a lowered torch in one hand.
Theia :
In Greek mythology, one of the → Titans, wife of → Hyperion: their chil- dren are the sun-god → Hélios, the moon- goddess → Seléne and the goddess of dawning → Eos. The name Theia means ‘the divine one’; another of her names – Euryphaessa she whose rays shine afar – underlines her character as a goddess of light.
Themis :
Greek goddess of justice, order and morality. She was supposed to be the daughter of the sky-god → Uranós and the earth-goddess → Gaia; she was the wife of → Zeus and the mother of the → Horae and the → Moires.
Theseus :
Athenian cult f igure and national hero. His father is variously given as the sea-god → Poseidon, and as the mythical King Aigeus, from whom the Aegean Sea gets its name. One of his most outstanding feats was to conquer the monster → Minotauros.
Thetis :
Daughter of the Greek sea-god → Nereus and wife of the mortal Peleus; their son was → Achilleus.
Titans :
The secondary race of gods in Greek mythology, comprising the six sons and the six daughters of the sky-god → Uranós and the earth-goddess → Gaia. According to Hesiod they form six sets of pairs; among the best known of these pairs are → Okeanos and → Thetys, → Hyperion and → Theia, → Kronos and → Rheia. Others are Koios and Phoibe, Kreios and Eurybie, → Iapetos and Klymene. Led by the youngest son Kronos, the Titans topple their father Uranós; later, however, they too are overthrown by → Zeus with the help of the → Cyclops.
Triton :
Greek sea-god, half-man, half- fish. His parents are → Poseidon and → Amphitríte. Later pluralized, so that now we speak of Tritons, meaning the male companions of the female → Nereids, who are shown blowing on their conch shells.
Tyché:
Greek goddess of fate and fortune. In Hesiod’s Theogony she appears as one of the daughters of → Okeanos. Pindar calls her a daughter of → Zeus. As a represen- tative of the unpredictable way of the world, Tyché became particularly popular at the time of the Sophists, when belief in other gods was at a low ebb. Several Hellenistic towns, such as Antiochia on the Orontes, chose Tyché as their tutelary goddess. In art she is shown with a helms- man’s rudder (as director of fate) and cor- nucopia (as bringer of good fortune). The wheel and the globe point to inconstancy and transitoriness. Her Roman counter- part was → Fortuna.
Typhón (Typhoeus) :
The progeny of the underworld (Tartaros) and the earth (→ Gaia). A monster with a hundred dragon- heads and snake’s feet. From his union with → Echidna came → Kerberos, → Ladon and the Chimaira. The name Typhón (or Typhos) means ‘whirlwind’, and later the giant was taken to be a demon which causes storms and earthquakes.
Urania (‘the heavenly one’) :
One of the nine → Muses, she who comforts mortals by pointing to the harmony of heaven. She represents astronomy, and her attribute is the heavenly sphere.
Uranós (‘heaven’, ‘sky’) :
Greek god of the sky, the husband of the earth goddess → Gaia; their progeny are the → Titans and the → Cyclops. When Uranós driven by hatred and fear banished the Cyclops to the underworld (Tartaros), Gaia incited the youngest son (→ Kronos) to attack his father, castrate him with a sickle and topple him from his throne. From the drops of blood which fell into the sea → Aphrodíte was born.
